Types of PI
There are more than 450 primary immunodeficiencies. Explore the definitions and symptoms of some of the most common types.
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Understanding primary immunodeficiency (PI)
Understanding PI
The more you understand about primary immunodeficiency (PI), the better you can live with the disease or support others in your life with PI. Learn more about PI, including the various diagnoses and treatment options.
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Living with PI
Living with PI
Living with primary immunodeficiency (PI) can be challenging, but you’re not alone—many people with PI lead full and active lives. With the right support and resources, you can, too.
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Get involved
Get involved
Be a hero for those with PI. Change lives by promoting primary immunodeficiency (PI) awareness and taking action in your community through advocacy, donating, volunteering, or fundraising.
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Advancing research and clinical care
Advancing research and clinical care
Whether you’re a clinician, researcher, or an individual with primary immunodeficiency (PI), IDF has resources to help you advance the field. Get details on surveys, grants, and clinical trials.
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) occurs when histiocytes and lymphocytes become overactive and attack the body rather than just microorganisms. Familial HLH is a type of PI.
Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome
This syndrome is a severe form of dyskeratosis congenita with poor growth inside the womb, microcephaly (small head), and pancytopenia (low numbers of all blood cells).
Hyper IgE syndrome
Hyper IgE syndromes (HIES) are rare forms of primary immunodeficiencies (PI) characterized by recurrent eczema, skin abscesses, lung infections, eosinophilia (high numbers of eosinophils in the blood), and high serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE).
Hyper IgM syndromes (HIGM)
Hyper IgM syndromes (HIGM) are characterized by decreased levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the blood and normal or elevated levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM).
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