Types of PI
There are more than 450 primary immunodeficiencies. Explore the definitions and symptoms of some of the most common types.
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Understanding primary immunodeficiency (PI)
Understanding PI
The more you understand about primary immunodeficiency (PI), the better you can live with the disease or support others in your life with PI. Learn more about PI, including the various diagnoses and treatment options.
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Living with PI
Living with PI
Living with primary immunodeficiency (PI) can be challenging, but you’re not alone—many people with PI lead full and active lives. With the right support and resources, you can, too.
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Get involved
Get involved
Be a hero for those with PI. Change lives by promoting primary immunodeficiency (PI) awareness and taking action in your community through advocacy, donating, volunteering, or fundraising.
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Advancing research and clinical care
Advancing research and clinical care
Whether you’re a clinician, researcher, or an individual with primary immunodeficiency (PI), IDF has resources to help you advance the field. Get details on surveys, grants, and clinical trials.
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Activated PI3K delta syndrome (APDS)
Activated PI3K delta syndrome (APDS) is a rare primary immunodeficiency (PI) that is often misdiagnosed as CVID or another antibody deficiency.
Agammaglobulinemia: X-linked (XLA) and autosomal recessive (ARA)
People with agammaglobulinemia can't produce antibodies, which are an important part of the body's defense against germs.
Antibody deficiency with normal or elevated immunoglobulins
Some individuals who have recurrent or severe infections have normal or high immunoglobulin levels but do not produce antibodies to either protein or polysaccharide vaccine antigens.
APECED & APS-1
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), also known as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type-1 (APS-1) or polyglandular autoimmune (PGA) syndrome type-1, is a primary immunodeficiency disease caused by variants in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene.
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T)
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder that causes neurological symptoms (like unsteady gait), dilated corkscrew-shaped blood vessels in the white of the eyes and on sun-exposed skin, combined immune deficiency, and high risk of cancer.
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS)
ALPS is a rare genetic disorder in which lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, increase and accumulate in the spleen and lymph nodes. This is due to the failure of the mechanism that normally causes lymphocytes to die naturally.
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